Menopause

What is menopause?

Menopause is the point at which menstruation stops permanently. It is defined as having had no periods for 12 consecutive months. This happens because the ovaries produce fewer female hormones, particularly oestrogen and progesterone.

The period leading up to menopauze is called perimenopause. This phase can last several years. Hormone levels fluctuate, which often makes periods irregular and may cause the first symptoms to appear. 

What are the symptoms of menopause?

Not every woman experiences the same symptoms. Possible symptoms include:

• Hot flushes or night sweats
• Irregular periods
• Sleep problems or fatigue
• Difficulty concentrating or forgetfulness
• Muscle and joint pain
• Mood swings or irritability
• Reduced libido
• Vaginal dryness
• Weight gain

Hot flushes are one of the most common symptoms. You may suddenly feel warmth in your chest, neck or face. This can be accompanied by sweating, flushed skin or palpitations. 

How do we treat menopausal symptoms? 

Treatment depends on your symptoms and personal situation. In many cases, simple lifestyle changes can already help to reduce symptoms. 

A healthy lifestyle can make a real difference:

• Eat a balanced, healthy diet
• Stay physically active
• Try to limit stress
• Stop smoking

In some cases, your doctor may recommend supplements such as calcium and vitamin D to support bone health. 

If symptoms are more severe, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be considered. This involves taking hormones that your body produces less of. Treatment can be given as a gel, patch, spray or tablet. 

If hormone therapy is not suitable or preferred, non-hormonal treatments are also available to help relieve certain symptoms. 

You can find more information in the brochure below.