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In all movements of a normal shoulder, the humeral head is located centrally in the scapula. If the contact between the head and the socket disappears with certain movements, this indicates instability and you get the feeling that the shoulder is 'dislocating'.

Tendon calcification is the deposition of calcium crystals (calcification) in one of the tendons of the rotator cuff located around the head of the shoulder. Impaired blood flow causes the cells to be improperly urged to form calcium.

The clavicular joint is the joint between the acromion (part of the shoulder roof) and the clavicle (collarbone). A dislocation usually results from direct trauma to the shoulder.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is also called Sudeck or algoneurodystrophy. CRPS is a chronic pain condition that often develops after an injury, such as a bone fracture or bruise, or surgery. The condition is characterized by persistent, localized pain that is more severe and/or lasts longer than you would normally expect with a similar injury.

A spinal cord injury is an interruption of the spinal cord at the level of the neck or back, which pinches the nerves and paralyzes certain parts of the body.

A hammertoe or claw toe is a bent position of the toe, often the second or third toe, which eventually creates pressure and friction against the footwear.