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A frozen shoulder is a condition of the shoulder joint. It results from inflammation of the capsule causing it to shorten, resulting in pain and restriction of movement.

The foot is a complex assembly of bones, ligaments, tendons and muscles. Problems in the foot can arise from accident, trauma, fracture or stress fracture, as well as overuse, osteoarthritis and inflammation. The shape of the foot also often plays a major role. Some conditions result from a flat or hollow foot.

Hallux valgus is a condition in which the big toe (hallux) stands inward (valgus). This occurs in part because ligaments are too flexible, mostly in women. The condition can be congenital (familial) or arises from frequently wearing narrow shoes. Hallux valgus is also more common in people who have flat feet.

A hammertoe or claw toe is a bent position of the toe, often the second or third toe, which eventually creates pressure and friction against the footwear.

A tailor's bunion is a deformity in which the little toe is crooked and points more toward the big toe. This creates a lump that is often painful and red from friction in the shoe.

Osteoarthritis or wear and tear of the knee joint is characterized by degeneration of the cartilage. The cartilage layer of the knee joint becomes thinner, more irregular or even disappears completely.