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Bowel polyps are abnormal growths that form on the lining of the colon or rectum. Most bowel polyps are benign, but some can develop into colon cancer over time. This means an early detection and removal is important.

Diverticulitis is an inflammation of small pouches in the wall of the large intestine, known as diverticula. These pouches usually develop in the lower part of the large intestine. The presence of diverticula without inflammation is called diverticulosis.

Obesity or corpulence is a medical condition in which a person has an unhealthy amount of body fat, which can lead to serious health problems.

Reflux is a condition in which (acidic) stomach contents repeatedly flows back up into the esophagus, causing irritation and discomfort. This is often caused by a malfunctioning sphincter between the stomach and esophagus. Reflux can cause the esophagus to become inflamed.

A diaphragmatic rupture (herniated diaphragm) is a condition in which an opening or weakening in the diaphragm allows organs to move from the abdominal cavity to the thoracic cavity.

A hepatic cyst is a fluid-filled sac in the liver that is usually benign. It can be congenital or occur later in life.