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The parathyroid glands are four small glands at the back of the thyroid gland.

A rupture of the upper abdomen (epigastric hernia) is a bulging of the peritoneum through an opening in the middle of the upper abdomen. This rupture often occurs spontaneously with no apparent cause. In an umbilical hernia, the peritoneum bulges through the umbilical opening. This is a common fracture that often causes few symptoms.

Central sensitization is a hypersensitivity of the pain alarm system in our brain. You experience pain despite there being no tissue damage (anymore).

A cervical disc hernia or neck hernia is a bulging of an intervertebral disc at the level of the neck. This can cause nerves to become pinched.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that primarily affects the colon and rectum. The mucous membranes of the intestine are red, swollen, bleed easily and may sometimes have ulcers. The infestation is usually continuous and often more pronounced in the rectum.

A joint mouse is a loose piece of bone or cartilage. It can occur due to a cartilage defect, but is also often caused by a bone fracture or serious accident to the joint, which causes a loose piece of bone to enter the joint.